The Language of Mysticism in the Holy Quran and Persian Literature

Abstract

Although Mysticism and Sufism are usually applied interchangeably, Mysticism may be considered as the theoretical aspect of Sufism, and Sufism is the practical aspect or the mystical progress. Some researchers believe that in Sufism there is a phase called "chrisma" after the emergence in which Sufism absorbs some element of mysticism of the other nations in itself and develop them; however, studying the fundamental elements of the Islamic Mysticism like the unity of existence, love, governorship, progress, mortality, eternity, etc. and comparing them with the Holy Quran challenges this theory. Governorship is not only a connection between Shiite Mysticism with the thoughts of Ibn-Arabi and his followers, but also a point of unity and a coverage which gathers all the mystical dispositions together. Moreover, the combination of theory and practice or Mysticism and Sufism with each other, or the priority of practice to theory and the fact that the knowledge of Mysticism is the subsequent of spiritual progress and the record of the innermost reception which occurs in the atmosphere of Islamic religious law can be another endorsement on the foundation of the Islamic Mysticism on the Holy Quran.