Automatic Processing of the Semantic Level through Ontology Construction (A Case Study of Motion and Stasis Verbs)

Abstract

Computational linguistics focuses on formalizing language characteristics and rules for computer processing. While Arabic has successfully employed artificial intelligence in computational phonology, morphology, and syntax, semantic-level processing remains challenging. The core issues involve enabling computers to: (1) understand natural language with human-like comprehension, and (2) distinguish between literal and metaphorical word meanings to reduce the semantic ambiguity plaguing Arabic in digital environments. This study proposes an ontology-based methodology for Arabic semantic processing. Focusing on the semantic field of motion and stasis verbs, we extracted verb meanings from the "Ma'ajim Al-Ma'ani" dictionary and analyzed their interrelations. The resulting semantic network formally represents relationships between these verbs. Using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) - which enables systematic organization, classification, and linking of meanings - we developed an ontology that facilitates both human and machine interpretation.